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Creating a Directory in Linux

The mkdir (make directory) command is used to create directories.Example [ Steve@localhost Steve ] $ mkdir prog-files [ Steve@localhost Steve ] $ -The sub-directory, prog-files, is created under the current directory. However, the new directory does not become the current directory. Complete path names can be specified with mkdir.Example [ Steve@localhost Steve ] $ mkdir /tmp/prog-files [ Steve@localhost Steve ] $ _ In the above example, the directory, prog-files, is created under the /tmp directo...

DIRECTORY COMMANDS IN LINUX

Identifying the Current Directory PathThe pwd (print working directory) command is used to display the full path name of the current directory.Example[ Steve@localhost Steve] $ pwd/home/Steve[ Steve@localhostb Steve] $ _Here, /home/Steve is the directory in which the user is currently working.Changing the Current DirectoryThe cd (change directory) command changes the current directory to the directory specified.Assume that Steve has logged in and has given the following command:Example [Steve@localhost Steve ] $ pwd /home/Steve [ Steve@localhost Steve] $ cd /usr/bin [ Steve@localhost Steve] $ pwd /usr/bin[ Steve@localhost Steve] $ _Note that the complete path name has been specified with the cd command. Linux also allows the use of relative path names with commands. Let' s...

Listing the Contents of a Directory in Linux

The is command is used to display the names of the files and sub-directories in a directory.Example[ Steve@localhost Steve ] $ 1s /home/SteveDEADJOE X baseball comm tennisDesktop a.out basketball program.cc[ Steve@localhost Steve ] $ _In the above example , all the files and directories under the directory named Steve are listed. If the files and directories under the current directory are to be listed, it is optional to specify the directory name with 1s.In the above output, you are shown the file names but not the types of files. The -1 option, when used with 1s displays a detailed list of files and director...

Removing a Directory in Linux

The rmdir (remove directory) command removes the directory specified.Example [ Steve@localhost Steve ] $ rmdir prog-files [ Steve@localhost Steve ] $ _Here, the prog-files directory is deleted.A directory can be deleted using the rmdir command only if it is:1) Empty (does not contain files or sub-directories)2) Not the current directoryComplete path names may also be specified with rmdir.Example[ Steve@localhost Steve] $ rmdir /home/Steve/tennis[ Steve@localhost Steve ] $ _The above command removes the tennis directory, which is located in Steve' s HOME directo...

TYPES OF USERS IN LINUX

System AdministratorThe System Administrator (SA) is primarily responsible for the smooth operation of the system. it is the SA' s job to switch on the system console (the machine on which the operating system resides, also known as the server machine).The SA also creates users and groups of suers for the system, and takes backups to prevent loss of data dure to system breakdown. In Linux, the SA is also known as the root user. The SA has all the rights for the Linux system.File ownerThe user who creates a file is said to be the owner of that file. The owner of afile can perform any operation on that file: copying, deleting, and editing.Group OwnerConsider the following situationA project of five people from the Dynasoft Consultants Inc, is working on a software development project for a...